How Long to Read Homeostatic and Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms Modulating Presynaptic Function and Plasticity

How Long Does it Take to Read Homeostatic and Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms Modulating Presynaptic Function and Plasticity?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 36 minutes to read Homeostatic and Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms Modulating Presynaptic Function and Plasticity by Michael A. Sutton

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Activity within neural circuits shapes the synaptic properties of component neurons in a manner that maintains stable excitatory drive, a process referred to as homeostatic plasticity. These potent and adaptive mechanisms have been demonstrated to modulate activity at the level of an individual neuron, synapse, circuit, or entire network, and dysregulation at some or all of these levels may contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Greater mechanistic understanding of homeostatic plasticity will provide key insights into the etiology of these disorders, which may result from network instability and synaptic dysfunction. Over the past 15 years, the molecular mechanisms of this form of plasticity have been intensely studied in various model organisms, including invertebrates and vertebrates. Though once thought to have a predominantly postsynaptic basis, emerging evidence suggests that homeostatic mechanisms act on both sides of the synapse through mechanisms such as retrograde signaling, to orchestrate compensatory adaptations that maintain stable network function. These trans-synaptic signaling systems ultimately alter neurotransmitter release probability by a variety of mechanisms including changes in vesicle pool size and calcium influx. These adaptations are not expected to occur homogenously at all terminals of a pre-synaptic neuron, as they might synapse with neurons in non-overlapping circuits. However, the factors that govern the homeostatic control of synapse-specific plasticity are only beginning to be understood. In addition to our limited molecular understanding of pre-synaptic homeostatic plasticity, very little is known about its prevalence in vivo or its physiological and disease relevance. In this research topic, we aim to fill the aforementioned void by covering a broad range of topics that include: - Identification of signaling pathways and mechanisms that operate globally or locally to induce specific pre-synaptic adaptations - The nature of pre-synaptic ion channels relevant to this form of plasticity and their synapse-specific modulation and trafficking - Development and utilization of new tools or methods to study homeostatic plasticity in axons and pre-synaptic terminals - Novel mechanisms of homeostatic adaptations in pre-synaptic neurons - Postsynaptic sensors of activity and retrograde synaptic signaling systems - A comprehensive analysis of the kinds of pre-synaptic adaptations in diverse neural circuits and cell types - Identification of physiological or developmental conditions that promote pre-synaptic homeostatic adaptations - How activity-dependent (Hebbian) and homeostatic synaptic changes are integrated to both permit sufficient flexibility and maintain stable activity - Relevance of pre-synaptic homeostatic plasticity to the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders - Computational modeling of pre-synaptic homeostatic plasticity and network stability.

How long is Homeostatic and Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms Modulating Presynaptic Function and Plasticity?

Homeostatic and Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms Modulating Presynaptic Function and Plasticity by Michael A. Sutton is 154 pages long, and a total of 39,116 words.

This makes it 52% the length of the average book. It also has 48% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Homeostatic and Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms Modulating Presynaptic Function and Plasticity Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 33 minutes to read Homeostatic and Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms Modulating Presynaptic Function and Plasticity aloud.

What Reading Level is Homeostatic and Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms Modulating Presynaptic Function and Plasticity?

Homeostatic and Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms Modulating Presynaptic Function and Plasticity is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Homeostatic and Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms Modulating Presynaptic Function and Plasticity?

Homeostatic and Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms Modulating Presynaptic Function and Plasticity by Michael A. Sutton is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

To buy Homeostatic and Retrograde Signaling Mechanisms Modulating Presynaptic Function and Plasticity by Michael A. Sutton on Amazon click the button below.