How Long to Read How Buoyant is the Tax System? New Evidence from a Large Heterogeneous Panel

How Long Does it Take to Read How Buoyant is the Tax System? New Evidence from a Large Heterogeneous Panel?

It takes the average reader and 33 minutes to read How Buoyant is the Tax System? New Evidence from a Large Heterogeneous Panel by Mr.Paolo Dudine

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Description

In this paper we provide short- and long-run tax buoyancy estimates for 107 countries (distributed between advanced, emerging and low-income) for the period 1980–2014. By means of Fully-Modified OLS and (Pooled) Mean Group estimators, we find that: i) for advanced economies both long-run and short-run buoyancies are not different from one; ii) long run tax buoyancy exceeds one in the case of CIT for advanced economies, PIT and SSC in emerging markets, and TGS for low income countries, iii) in advanced countries (emerging market economies) CIT (CIT and TGS) buoyancy is larger during contractions than during times of economic expansions; iv) both trade openness and human capital increase buoyancy while inflation and output volatility decrease it.

How long is How Buoyant is the Tax System? New Evidence from a Large Heterogeneous Panel?

How Buoyant is the Tax System? New Evidence from a Large Heterogeneous Panel by Mr.Paolo Dudine is 33 pages long, and a total of 8,349 words.

This makes it 11% the length of the average book. It also has 10% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read How Buoyant is the Tax System? New Evidence from a Large Heterogeneous Panel Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes and 45 minutes to read How Buoyant is the Tax System? New Evidence from a Large Heterogeneous Panel aloud.

What Reading Level is How Buoyant is the Tax System? New Evidence from a Large Heterogeneous Panel?

How Buoyant is the Tax System? New Evidence from a Large Heterogeneous Panel is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

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