How Long to Read I of the Vortex

How Long Does it Take to Read I of the Vortex?

It takes the average reader 5 hours and 21 minutes to read I of the Vortex by Rodolfo R. Llinas

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

A highly original theory of how the mind-brain works, based on the author's study of single neuronal cells. In I of the Vortex, Rodolfo Llinas, a founding father of modern brain science, presents an original view of the evolution and nature of mind. According to Llinas, the "mindness state" evolved to allow predictive interactions between mobile creatures and their environment. He illustrates the early evolution of mind through a primitive animal called the "sea squirt." The mobile larval form has a brainlike ganglion that receives sensory information about the surrounding environment. As an adult, the sea squirt attaches itself to a stationary object and then digests most of its own brain. This suggests that the nervous system evolved to allow active movement in animals. To move through the environment safely, a creature must anticipate the outcome of each movement on the basis of incoming sensory data. Thus the capacity to predict is most likely the ultimate brain function. One could even say that Self is the centralization of prediction. At the heart of Llinas's theory is the concept of oscillation. Many neurons possess electrical activity, manifested as oscillating variations in the minute voltages across the cell membrane. On the crests of these oscillations occur larger electrical events that are the basis for neuron-to-neuron communication. Like cicadas chirping in unison, a group of neurons oscillating in phase can resonate with a distant group of neurons. This simultaneity of neuronal activity is the neurobiological root of cognition. Although the internal state that we call the mind is guided by the senses, it is also generated by the oscillations within the brain. Thus, in a certain sense, one could say that reality is not all "out there," but is a kind of virtual reality.

How long is I of the Vortex?

I of the Vortex by Rodolfo R. Llinas is 315 pages long, and a total of 80,325 words.

This makes it 106% the length of the average book. It also has 98% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read I of the Vortex Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 7 hours and 18 minutes to read I of the Vortex aloud.

What Reading Level is I of the Vortex?

I of the Vortex is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy I of the Vortex?

I of the Vortex by Rodolfo R. Llinas is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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