How Long to Read Impact of Climate Risk on the Energy System

How Long Does it Take to Read Impact of Climate Risk on the Energy System?

It takes the average reader 1 hour and 30 minutes to read Impact of Climate Risk on the Energy System by Amy Myers Jaffe

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Climate change affects virtually every aspect of the U.S. energy system. As climatic effects such as rising seas and extreme weather continue to appear across many geographies, U.S. energy infrastructure is increasingly at risk. The U.S. Gulf Coast--which is home to 44 percent of total U.S. oil refining capacity and several major ports--is highly vulnerable to flooding events and dangerous ocean surges during severe storms and hurricanes. The link between water availability and energy and electricity production creates another layer of risk to U.S. energy security. Climate risk could manifest not only in physical damages, but also in financial market failures. Climate change-related challenges could impede energy firms' access to capital markets or private insurance markets. Already, climate-related risks have created severe financial problems at a handful of U.S. energy firms, forcing them to interrupt their sales of energy to consumers in particular locations. Over time, climatic disruptions to domestic energy supply could entail huge economic losses and potentially require sizable domestic military mobilizations. The United States is ill prepared for this national security challenge, and public debate about emergency preparedness is virtually nonexistent. To explore the challenges of climate risk to the U.S. energy system and national security, the Council on Foreign Relations organized a two-day workshop in New York, on March 18 and 19, 2019. The gathering of fifty participants included current and former state and federal government officials and regulators, entrepreneurs, scientists, investors, financial- and corporate-sector leaders, credit agencies, insurers, nongovernmental organizations, and energy policy experts. During their deliberations, workshop participants explored how climate-related risks to U.S. energy infrastructure, financial markets, and national security could be measured, managed, and mitigated. Impact of Climate Risk on the Energy System summarizes the insights from this workshop and includes contributions from seven expert authors delving into related topics.

How long is Impact of Climate Risk on the Energy System?

Impact of Climate Risk on the Energy System by Amy Myers Jaffe is 88 pages long, and a total of 22,704 words.

This makes it 30% the length of the average book. It also has 28% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Impact of Climate Risk on the Energy System Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 4 minutes to read Impact of Climate Risk on the Energy System aloud.

What Reading Level is Impact of Climate Risk on the Energy System?

Impact of Climate Risk on the Energy System is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Impact of Climate Risk on the Energy System?

Impact of Climate Risk on the Energy System by Amy Myers Jaffe is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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