It takes the average reader 2 hours and 44 minutes to read Internal Gravity Waves in the Shallow Seas by Stanisław R. Massel
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
This book contains a comprehensive study of the internal ocean waves, which play a very important role in ocean physics providing mechanisms for ocean water mixing and circulation, as well as the transportation of gases, nutrients, and a very large number of marine organisms in the ocean body. In contrast to surface waves, the literature on internal waves is not so numerous, mainly due to the difficulties in experimental data collection and in the mathematical description of internal wave propagation. In this book, the basic mathematical principles, a physical description of the observed phenomena, and practical theoretical methods of determination of wave parameters as well as the original method of observation using moving sensors are presented. Special attention is paid to internal wave propagation over changing bottom topographies in shallow seas such as the Baltic Sea. The book is supplemented with an extended list of relevant and extended bibliographies, a subject index, and an author index.
Internal Gravity Waves in the Shallow Seas by Stanisław R. Massel is 163 pages long, and a total of 41,239 words.
This makes it 55% the length of the average book. It also has 50% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 45 minutes to read Internal Gravity Waves in the Shallow Seas aloud.
Internal Gravity Waves in the Shallow Seas is suitable for students ages 10 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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