How Long to Read Introduction to Magnetic Random-Access Memory

How Long Does it Take to Read Introduction to Magnetic Random-Access Memory?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 28 minutes to read Introduction to Magnetic Random-Access Memory by Bernard Dieny

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) is poised to replace traditional computer memory based on complementary metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS). MRAM will surpass all other types of memory devices in terms of nonvolatility, low energy dissipation, fast switching speed, radiation hardness, and durability. Although toggle-MRAM is currently a commercial product, it is clear that future developments in MRAM will be based on spin-transfer torque, which makes use of electrons’ spin angular momentum instead of their charge. MRAM will require an amalgamation of magnetics and microelectronics technologies. However, researchers and developers in magnetics and in microelectronics attend different technical conferences, publish in different journals, use different tools, and have different backgrounds in condensed-matter physics, electrical engineering, and materials science. This book is an introduction to MRAM for microelectronics engineers written by specialists in magnetic materials and devices. It presents the basic phenomena involved in MRAM, the materials and film stacks being used, the basic principles of the various types of MRAM (toggle and spin-transfer torque; magnetized in-plane or perpendicular-to-plane), the back-end magnetic technology, and recent developments toward logic-in-memory architectures. It helps bridge the cultural gap between the microelectronics and magnetics communities.

How long is Introduction to Magnetic Random-Access Memory?

Introduction to Magnetic Random-Access Memory by Bernard Dieny is 264 pages long, and a total of 67,056 words.

This makes it 89% the length of the average book. It also has 82% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Introduction to Magnetic Random-Access Memory Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 6 hours and 6 minutes to read Introduction to Magnetic Random-Access Memory aloud.

What Reading Level is Introduction to Magnetic Random-Access Memory?

Introduction to Magnetic Random-Access Memory is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Introduction to Magnetic Random-Access Memory?

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