How Long to Read Investigation of Competition in Digital Markets

How Long Does it Take to Read Investigation of Competition in Digital Markets?

It takes the average reader 7 hours and 45 minutes to read Investigation of Competition in Digital Markets by Jerrold Nadler

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

In June 2019, the Committee on the Judiciary initiated a bipartisan investigation into the state of competition online, spearheaded by the Subcommittee on Antitrust, Commercial and Administrative Law. As part of a top-to-bottom review of the market, the Subcommittee examined the dominance of Amazon, Apple, Facebook, and Google, and their business practices to determine how their power affects our economy and our democracy. Additionally, the Subcommittee performed a review of existing antitrust laws, competition policies, and current enforcement levels to assess whether they are adequate to address market power and anticompetitive conduct in digital markets.Over the course of our investigation, we collected extensive evidence from these companies as well as from third parties--totaling nearly 1.3 million documents. We held seven hearings to review the effects of market power online--including on the free and diverse press, innovation, and privacy-- and a final hearing to examine potential solutions to concerns identified during the investigation and to inform this Report's recommendations.A year after initiating the investigation, we received testimony from the Chief Executive Officers of the investigated companies: Jeff Bezos, Tim Cook, Mark Zuckerberg, and Sundar Pichai. For nearly six hours, we pressed for answers about their business practices, including about evidence concerning the extent to which they have exploited, entrenched, and expanded their power over digital markets in anticompetitive and abusive ways. Their answers were often evasive and non-responsive, raising fresh questions about whether they believe they are beyond the reach of democratic oversight.Although these four corporations differ in important ways, studying their business practices has revealed common problems. First, each platform now serves as a gatekeeper over a key channel of distribution. By controlling access to markets, these giants can pick winners and losers throughout our economy. They not only wield tremendous power, but they also abuse it by charging exorbitant fees, imposing oppressive contract terms, and extracting valuable data from the people and businesses that rely on them. Second, each platform uses its gatekeeper position to maintain its market power. By controlling the infrastructure of the digital age, they have surveilled other businesses to identify potential rivals, and have ultimately bought out, copied, or cut off their competitive threats. And, finally, these firms have abused their role as intermediaries to further entrench and expand their dominance. Whether through self-preferencing, predatory pricing, or exclusionary conduct, the dominant platforms have exploited their power in order to become even more dominant.To put it simply, companies that once were scrappy, underdog startups that challenged the status quo have become the kinds of monopolies we last saw in the era of oil barons and railroad tycoons. Although these firms have delivered clear benefits to society, the dominance of Amazon, Apple, Facebook, and Google has come at a price.

How long is Investigation of Competition in Digital Markets?

Investigation of Competition in Digital Markets by Jerrold Nadler is 449 pages long, and a total of 116,291 words.

This makes it 152% the length of the average book. It also has 142% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Investigation of Competition in Digital Markets Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 10 hours and 35 minutes to read Investigation of Competition in Digital Markets aloud.

What Reading Level is Investigation of Competition in Digital Markets?

Investigation of Competition in Digital Markets is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Investigation of Competition in Digital Markets?

Investigation of Competition in Digital Markets by Jerrold Nadler is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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