How Long to Read Kingdoms, Empires, and Domains

How Long Does it Take to Read Kingdoms, Empires, and Domains?

It takes the average reader 14 hours and 40 minutes to read Kingdoms, Empires, and Domains by Mark A. Ragan

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

"This work explores how living organisms have been classified at the highest level. The earliest ideas of nature emphasised transformation. Aristotle recognised that certain objects in the sea share properties of plants and animals; these became known as zoophytes. The narrative follows zoophytes and other transgressive beings through subsequent philosophical and religious traditions, myths, travellers' tales, the occult literature, alchemy, scholasticism, the consolidation of vernacular languages, and the rise of scientific botany and zoology. Leeuwenhoek's discovery of microscopic beings, and Trembley studies on Hydra, complicated the plant-animal dichotomy. Transformation returned as Needham, Buffon and others observed plant material to generate motile animalcules; Linnaeus proposed a Regnum Chaoticum. New challenges arose as the Great Chain of Being was abandoned, algae were observed to liberate free-swimming zoospores, and cell theory was refined. Biology developed differently in France, Germany and Britain, and we follow the rise and fall of supernumerary kingdoms in each environment. Haeckel positioned Protista as one of two, three or four kingdoms. In the Twentieth century the living world was divided between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, while mitochondria and plastids were recognised as descendants of endosymbiotic bacteria. Molecular evidence revealed three domains (Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota), although many genomes are linked in a dynamic network of genetic relationships. Environmental genomes now threaten to undermine Eukaryota as an independent domain of life"--

How long is Kingdoms, Empires, and Domains?

Kingdoms, Empires, and Domains by Mark A. Ragan is 857 pages long, and a total of 220,249 words.

This makes it 289% the length of the average book. It also has 269% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Kingdoms, Empires, and Domains Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 20 hours and 3 minutes to read Kingdoms, Empires, and Domains aloud.

What Reading Level is Kingdoms, Empires, and Domains?

Kingdoms, Empires, and Domains is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Kingdoms, Empires, and Domains?

Kingdoms, Empires, and Domains by Mark A. Ragan is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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