It takes the average reader 3 hours and 47 minutes to read Leaf Defence by Edward E. Farmer
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
Leaves are among the most abundant organs on earth and are a defining feature of most terrestrial ecosystems. However, a leaf is also a potential meal for a hungry animal and the question therefore arises, why does so much foliage survive in nature? What mechanisms protect leaves so that, on a global scale, only a relatively small proportion of living leaf material is consumed? Leaf survival is in large part due to two processes: firstly, leaf-eating organisms fall prey to predators (top-down pressure on the herbivore); secondly, leaves defend themselves (bottom-up pressure on the herbivore)....
Leaf Defence by Edward E. Farmer is 224 pages long, and a total of 56,896 words.
This makes it 76% the length of the average book. It also has 70% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours and 10 minutes to read Leaf Defence aloud.
Leaf Defence is suitable for students ages 12 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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