How Long to Read Life Cycle Costing for Construction

How Long Does it Take to Read Life Cycle Costing for Construction?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 53 minutes to read Life Cycle Costing for Construction by J.W. Bull

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The construction industry is becoming increasingly aware of the need to adopt a holistic approach to the design, building, and disposal of structures. With 60 per cent of the total construction budget in most developed countries being spent on repair and maintenance, there is an obvious need to design for reliability and durability, with more carefully planned maintenance and repair schedules. One important facet is to look at how costs are distributed and spent during the lifetime of a structure: an approach known as life cycle costing, which has the ultimate aim of minimising total lifetime expenditure. As an example, choosing an inexpensive coating for steelwork may require maintenance every three years, whereas a coating which is more expensive may require repairing only once per decade. It is a question of balance - taking the lifetime costs of the structure into consideration. This new book provides an insight into how whole life costing is affecting our approach to designing, building, maintaining and disposing of structures. The book is written for consulting engineers in the fields of civil and structural engineering, building designers, architects, quantity surveyors, refurbishing specialists, as well as practising civil and structural engineers engaged in planning, design, construction, repair and refurbishment of structures.

How long is Life Cycle Costing for Construction?

Life Cycle Costing for Construction by J.W. Bull is 172 pages long, and a total of 43,344 words.

This makes it 58% the length of the average book. It also has 53% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Life Cycle Costing for Construction Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 56 minutes to read Life Cycle Costing for Construction aloud.

What Reading Level is Life Cycle Costing for Construction?

Life Cycle Costing for Construction is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Life Cycle Costing for Construction?

Life Cycle Costing for Construction by J.W. Bull is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

To buy Life Cycle Costing for Construction by J.W. Bull on Amazon click the button below.