How Long to Read Map Projections

How Long Does it Take to Read Map Projections?

It takes the average reader 6 hours and 55 minutes to read Map Projections by John P. Snyder

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

After decades of using only one map projection, the Polyconic, for its mapping program, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) now uses several of the more common projections for its published maps. For larger scale maps, including topographic quadrangles and the State Base Map Series, conformal projections such as the Transverse Mercator and the Lambert Conformal Conic are used. Equal-area and equidistant projections appear in the National Atlas. Other projections, such as the Miller Cylindrical and the Van der Grinten, are chosen occasionally for convenience, sometimes making use of existing base maps prepared by others. Some projections treat the Earth only as a sphere, others as either ellipsoid or sphere. The USGS has also conceived and designed several new projections, including the Space Oblique Mercator, the first map projection designed to permit mapping of the Earth continuously from a satellite with low distortion. The mapping of extraterrestrial bodies has resulted in the use of standard projections in completely new settings. Several other projections which have not been used by the USGS are frequently of interest to the cartographic public. With increased computerization, it is important to realize that rectangular coordinates for all these projections may be mathematically calculated with formulas which would have seemed too complicated in the past, but which now may be programmed routinely, especially if aided by numerical examples. A discussion of appearance, usage, and history is given together with both forward and inverse equations for each projection involved.

How long is Map Projections?

Map Projections by John P. Snyder is 406 pages long, and a total of 103,936 words.

This makes it 137% the length of the average book. It also has 127% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Map Projections Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 9 hours and 27 minutes to read Map Projections aloud.

What Reading Level is Map Projections?

Map Projections is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Map Projections?

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