How Long to Read Metallized DNA

How Long Does it Take to Read Metallized DNA?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 1 minute to read Metallized DNA by Nadine Kammerlander

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Metallic nanoparticles have been studied intensively during the last decades because of their intriguing optical properties: Due to collective oscillations of the conducting electrons - the so called plasmonic oscillations - they absorb light in the visible spectrum. The resonance frequency thereby sensitively depends on parameters such as the particle size and shape as well as the dielectric constant of the medium. DNA exhibits outstanding recognition properties and can be modified easily. Thus, template-directed material synthesis along synthetic DNA is a promising route to grow nanoparticles of defined shape and size and with defined interparticle-spacing. In this study, two different methods are used to deposit silver on oligonucleotides of different lengths, ranging from 23 to 96 basepairs, in order to synthesize metallic nanorods of controlled aspect ratios. The first method involves the specific labeling of nucleotides with aldehyde groups, followed by exposure to a Tollens reagent and a developer. The second method relies on the photoinduced deposition of silver onto unmodified DNA samples. Several preparation parameters such as the DNA sequence, buffer salt type, silver concentration and UV illumination time are varied systematically. The metallized DNA molecules are characterized concerning their optical and structural properties. Absorption spectra show plasmon peaks around 420nm. Peak positions, intensities and bandwidths are analyzed. Dynamic Light Scattering studies in solution provide information about the particle sizes as well as their structural asymmetry. Both optical techniques are used to observe the temporal evolution of the nanoparticle growth in the Tollens metallization process. Structural information is inferred from Atomic Force Microscopy; for that purpose, the particles are deposited on single-crystalline silicon substrates.

How long is Metallized DNA?

Metallized DNA by Nadine Kammerlander is 118 pages long, and a total of 30,444 words.

This makes it 40% the length of the average book. It also has 37% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Metallized DNA Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 46 minutes to read Metallized DNA aloud.

What Reading Level is Metallized DNA?

Metallized DNA is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Metallized DNA?

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