How Long to Read Modernizing VATs in Africa

How Long Does it Take to Read Modernizing VATs in Africa?

It takes the average reader 6 hours and 40 minutes to read Modernizing VATs in Africa by Sijbren Cnossen

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Most African countries are in dire need of more tax revenue. In 28 out of 45 countries with a value-added tax (VAT), total tax revenue as a percentage of GDP is around 15% or less, falling short of what is necessary to finance basic human and economic development. Far from being revenue-raising instruments, current African VATs are riddled with exemptions, exclusions, and zero rates on domestic goods and services that depress revenue, are highly distortionary, and greatly complicate the administration of VAT. Modernizing VATs in Africa enables policymakers, professionals, and students to analyse African tax systems to ascertain how they can be modernized. It explains the case for VAT base-broadening over rate-increasing, arguing that exemptions and zero rates mainly accrue benefits for higher-income groups. Even more persuasively, it demonstrates that the net result of fiscal systems can be equalizing if the revenue of broad-based VATs is used to finance in-kind transfers, such as healthcare and education. VAT modernization should be used to enable governments to finance development; Modernizing VATs in Africa puts a compelling case forward for how and why this can be achieved.

How long is Modernizing VATs in Africa?

Modernizing VATs in Africa by Sijbren Cnossen is 400 pages long, and a total of 100,000 words.

This makes it 135% the length of the average book. It also has 122% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Modernizing VATs in Africa Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 9 hours and 6 minutes to read Modernizing VATs in Africa aloud.

What Reading Level is Modernizing VATs in Africa?

Modernizing VATs in Africa is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Modernizing VATs in Africa?

Modernizing VATs in Africa by Sijbren Cnossen is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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