How Long to Read Molecular Orbitals and their Energies, Studied by the Semiempirical HAM Method

How Long Does it Take to Read Molecular Orbitals and their Energies, Studied by the Semiempirical HAM Method?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 50 minutes to read Molecular Orbitals and their Energies, Studied by the Semiempirical HAM Method by Einar Lindholm

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This treatment of molecular and atomic physics is primarily meant as a textbook. It is intended for both chemists and physicists. ·It can be read without much knowledge of quantum mechanics or mathematics, since all such details are explained-. It has developed through a series of lectures at the Royal Institute of Technology. The content is to about 50 % theoretical and to 50 % experimental. The reason why the authors, who are experimentalists, went into theory is the following. When we during the beginning of the 1970's measured photo electron spectra of organic molecules, it appeared to be impossible to understand them by use of available theoretical calculations. To handle hydrocarbons we ( together with C. Fridh ) constructed in 1972 a purely empirical procedure, SPINDO [1] which has proved to be useful, but the extension to molecules with hetero atoms appeared to be difficult. One of us ( L.A.) proposed then another purely ~~E!E!~~! EE2~~~~E~ ( Hydrogenic Atoms in Molecules, HAM/1, unpublished), in which the Fock matrix elements f5..y were parametrized using Slater's shielding concept. The self-repulsion was compensated by a term "-1". The §~~2~~_~ff2E~, HAM/2 [2] , started from the total energy E:. of the molecule. The atomic parts of L used the Slater shielding constants, and the bond parts of E. were taken from SPINDO. The Fock matrix elements Fpv were then obtained from E in a conventional way.

How long is Molecular Orbitals and their Energies, Studied by the Semiempirical HAM Method?

Molecular Orbitals and their Energies, Studied by the Semiempirical HAM Method by Einar Lindholm is 290 pages long, and a total of 72,500 words.

This makes it 98% the length of the average book. It also has 89% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Molecular Orbitals and their Energies, Studied by the Semiempirical HAM Method Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 6 hours and 36 minutes to read Molecular Orbitals and their Energies, Studied by the Semiempirical HAM Method aloud.

What Reading Level is Molecular Orbitals and their Energies, Studied by the Semiempirical HAM Method?

Molecular Orbitals and their Energies, Studied by the Semiempirical HAM Method is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Molecular Orbitals and their Energies, Studied by the Semiempirical HAM Method?

Molecular Orbitals and their Energies, Studied by the Semiempirical HAM Method by Einar Lindholm is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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