How Long to Read Movements of Bar-tailed Godwits and Red Knots Within New Zealand

How Long Does it Take to Read Movements of Bar-tailed Godwits and Red Knots Within New Zealand?

It takes the average reader and 57 minutes to read Movements of Bar-tailed Godwits and Red Knots Within New Zealand by Phil Frank Battley

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This study of the movements of two Arctic-breeding waders (bar-tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica baueri, and red knot, Calidris canutus rogersi) was commissioned in response to (A) a lack of knowledge of how individual birds use networks of sites around New Zealand, and (B) the threat of avian influenza viruses, as migrating waders are potential vectors of these pathogens. The Ornithological Society of New Zealand (OSNZ) ran a colour-banding programme to study the movements of these waders in New Zealand from 2004 to 2008. A total of 770 bar-tailed godwits and 345 red knots were colour-banded around the country, and OSNZ members and other observers made over 9500 sightings of 721 godwits and over 1500 sightings of 275 knots during the project. Most resightings were from the capture site, but movements of up to 1185 km (one way) were documented. On average, young birds of both species were more mobile than adults; knots were generally more mobile than godwits. Some juvenile or immature godwits wandered widely around New Zealand and apparently settled at long-term 'wintering' locations during these explorations. Small numbers of godwits were recorded making stopovers at northern sites upon arrival from migration before moving on to their eventual destination. Overall, it is clear that non-breeding knots use an extensive network of sites around New Zealand and probably move frequently between them. Knots banded in the Firth of Thames were recorded from Parengarenga Harbour in the north of the North Island down to Tasman Bay in the northern South Island, but it is not clear how regular these long-distance movements are. Godwits, in contrast, are much more likely to remain at one site or intertidal system and not venture far away when present in New Zealand during their non-breeding season.

How long is Movements of Bar-tailed Godwits and Red Knots Within New Zealand?

Movements of Bar-tailed Godwits and Red Knots Within New Zealand by Phil Frank Battley is 56 pages long, and a total of 14,336 words.

This makes it 19% the length of the average book. It also has 18% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Movements of Bar-tailed Godwits and Red Knots Within New Zealand Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 18 minutes to read Movements of Bar-tailed Godwits and Red Knots Within New Zealand aloud.

What Reading Level is Movements of Bar-tailed Godwits and Red Knots Within New Zealand?

Movements of Bar-tailed Godwits and Red Knots Within New Zealand is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Movements of Bar-tailed Godwits and Red Knots Within New Zealand?

Movements of Bar-tailed Godwits and Red Knots Within New Zealand by Phil Frank Battley is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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