How Long to Read Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines

How Long Does it Take to Read Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 51 minutes to read Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines by Peter W. Hochachka

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

First published in 1994, this book explores the paradigm of muscles as molecular and metabolic machines in which all structures and functions are exquisitely integrated and matched to each other. The analysis begins with a standard reductionist approach-reviewing the integrated machine parts. The key working components of the complete muscle machine are proteins (soluble, organelle, or membrane localized), and a conservative count indicates that today more than 100 such machine parts are known, essentially all occurring as cell specific isoforms. Random assortment of these machine parts or protein isoforms could generate an astronomical number of "muscle machines" and an equally enormous number of muscle fiber types. The question is, why aren't such large numbers ever seen? To attack this problem, the reductionist approach is complemented with an integrationist/adaptational one. Evidence is presented that the more highly specialized the muscle type, the further one moves from the above extreme; in the most highly specialized muscles, typically only one fiber type is found. It is argued that instead of random assortment of isoforms or machine parts, only specific and often unique combinations can work in appropriate fashion. A few established examples of this fundamental principle are reviewed, but emphasis is placed on the fact that we know dreadfully little about why this is so and what kinds of further studies are needed. The issue of why the very large numbers of fiber types theoretically possible are never even approximately realized has never before been addressed. Indeed, it is rarely recognized. Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines is the first work of its kind on the subject.

How long is Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines?

Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines by Peter W. Hochachka is 171 pages long, and a total of 42,921 words.

This makes it 58% the length of the average book. It also has 52% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 54 minutes to read Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines aloud.

What Reading Level is Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines?

Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines?

Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines by Peter W. Hochachka is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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