How Long to Read Nanothermodynamics: Theory And Application

How Long Does it Take to Read Nanothermodynamics: Theory And Application?

It takes the average reader 7 hours and 3 minutes to read Nanothermodynamics: Theory And Application by Dick Bedeaux

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This book grew out of an idea to study properties of small subsystems of a large reservoir. Observations were at the time not explainable with standard thermodynamics. But the theory of Hill on thermodynamics of small systems provided the systematic procedure needed to address the problem. Following Hill, thermodynamics can be formulated for the nanoscale!The purpose of this book is to expand and demonstrate Hill's theory. The theory adds a new term to the fundamental Gibbs equation, that is specific for systems at the nanoscale. The properties that follow may be counter intuitive. The equation of state for a small system, for instance, is not given once and for all. We shall see that it changes with the environmental variables that control the small system. The statistical mechanical machinery remains as before, however.The world of small systems challenges the standard knowledge; that the number of particles in a system must be very large for thermodynamic equations to apply. We shall see that thermodynamic equations apply perfectly well also for small particle numbers, provided that small-system effects are accounted for correctly. In the world where size and shape are central, we shall find that equations of state can be used down to one particle in a box! There are scaling laws, which help us determine and understand the large system limit better!In the first part, the authors highlight the basic idea of the theory and provide a more systematic method, than used before. In the second part, the authors demonstrate the power of the theory in a set of central applications of nanoscience in and away from equilibrium, for other scientists to be inspired for further use.

How long is Nanothermodynamics: Theory And Application?

Nanothermodynamics: Theory And Application by Dick Bedeaux is 415 pages long, and a total of 105,825 words.

This makes it 140% the length of the average book. It also has 129% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Nanothermodynamics: Theory And Application Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 9 hours and 38 minutes to read Nanothermodynamics: Theory And Application aloud.

What Reading Level is Nanothermodynamics: Theory And Application?

Nanothermodynamics: Theory And Application is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Nanothermodynamics: Theory And Application?

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