How Long to Read Organic Light-Emitting Devices

How Long Does it Take to Read Organic Light-Emitting Devices?

It takes the average reader 5 hours and 39 minutes to read Organic Light-Emitting Devices by Joseph Shinar

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Although it has long been possible to make organic materials emit light, it has only recently become possible to do so at the level and with the efficiency and control necessary to make the materials a useful basis for illumination or displays. The early electroluminescent devices provided reasonably bright light, but required high operating voltages, produced only a narrow range of colors, and had severely limited lifetimes. Recent developments, however, make it possible to manufacture organic light-emitting devices that are thin, bright, efficient, and stable and that produce a broad range of colors. This book surveys the current status of the field. It begins with an overview of the physics and chemistry of organic light emitting devices by J. Shinar and V. Savvateev. Subsequenbt chapters discuss the design of molecular materials for high performance devices (C. Adachi and T. Tsutsui) and chemical degradation and physical aging (K. Higginson, D. L. Thomsen, B. Yang, and F. Papadimitrakopoulos). A. Dodabalapur describes microcavity OLEDs, and Y. Shi, J. Liu, and Y. Yang discuss polymer morphology and device performance. Various aspects of devices based on polyparaphenylene vinylenes are discussed in chapters by N.C. Greenham and R.H. Friend and by H. Chayet, V. Savvateeyv, D. Davidov and R. Neumann. Chapters by S. Tasch, W. Graupner, and G. Leising and by Y. Z. Wang, D. Gebler, and A. J. Epstein describe OLEDs based on poly(paraphenylene) and poly(pyridine), respectively. The book concludes with a chapter on polyfluorene-based devices, which show great promise for producing light in all colors from blue to red.

How long is Organic Light-Emitting Devices?

Organic Light-Emitting Devices by Joseph Shinar is 334 pages long, and a total of 84,836 words.

This makes it 113% the length of the average book. It also has 104% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Organic Light-Emitting Devices Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 7 hours and 43 minutes to read Organic Light-Emitting Devices aloud.

What Reading Level is Organic Light-Emitting Devices?

Organic Light-Emitting Devices is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Organic Light-Emitting Devices?

Organic Light-Emitting Devices by Joseph Shinar is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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