How Long to Read Outrigger Design for High-Rise Buildings

How Long Does it Take to Read Outrigger Design for High-Rise Buildings?

It takes the average reader 3 hours and 57 minutes to read Outrigger Design for High-Rise Buildings by Hi Sun Choi

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Outrigger systems are rigid horizontal structures designed to improve a building’s stability and strength by connecting the building core or spine to distant columns, much in the way an outrigger can prevent a canoe from overturning. Outriggers have been used in tall, narrow buildings for nearly 500 years, but the basic design principle dates back centuries. In the 1980s, as buildings grew taller and more ambitious, outrigger systems eclipsed tubular frames as the most popular structural approach for supertall buildings. Designers embraced properly proportioned core-and-outrigger schemes as a method to offer far more perimeter flexibility and openness for tall buildings than the perimeter moment or braced frames and bundled tubes that preceded them. However, the outrigger system is not listed as a seismic lateral load-resisting system in any code, and design parameters are not available, despite the increasingly frequent use of the concept. The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat’s Outrigger Working Group has addressed the pressing need for design guidelines for outrigger systems with this guide, a comprehensive overview of the use of outriggers in skyscrapers. This guide offers detailed recommendations for analysis of outriggers within the lateral load-resisting systems of tall buildings, for recognizing and addressing effects on building behavior and for practical design solutions. It also highlights concerns specific to the outrigger structural system such as differential column shortening and construction sequence impacts. Several project examples are explored in depth, illustrating the role of outrigger systems in tall building designs and providing ideas for future projects. The guide details the impact of outrigger systems on tall building designs, and demonstrates ways in which the technology is continuously advancing to improve the efficiency and stability of tall buildings around the world.

How long is Outrigger Design for High-Rise Buildings?

Outrigger Design for High-Rise Buildings by Hi Sun Choi is 229 pages long, and a total of 59,311 words.

This makes it 77% the length of the average book. It also has 72% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Outrigger Design for High-Rise Buildings Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours and 24 minutes to read Outrigger Design for High-Rise Buildings aloud.

What Reading Level is Outrigger Design for High-Rise Buildings?

Outrigger Design for High-Rise Buildings is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Outrigger Design for High-Rise Buildings?

Outrigger Design for High-Rise Buildings by Hi Sun Choi is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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