How Long to Read Oxidation Numbers and Oxidation States

How Long Does it Take to Read Oxidation Numbers and Oxidation States?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 54 minutes to read Oxidation Numbers and Oxidation States by Christian Klixbüll Jorgensen

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The correlation of spectroscopic and chemical investigations in recent years has been highly beneficial of many reasons. Around 1950, no valid explanation was available of the colours of compounds of the five tran sition groups. Later, it was possible to identify the excited levels with those expected for an electron configuration with adefinite number of electrons in the partly filled shell. I t is not generally recognized that this is equivalent to determining spectroscopic oxidation states related to the preponderant electron configuration and not to estimates of the fractional atomic charges. This brings in an entirely different type of description than the formal oxidation numbers used for characterizing compounds and reaction schemes. However, it must be realized that collectively oxidized ligands, formation of cluster-complexes and catenation may prevent the oxidation state from being well-defined. The writer would like to express his gratitude to many, but first of all to DR. CLAUS SCHÄFFER, University of Copenhagen, who is the most efficient group-theoretical engineer known to the writer; his comments and discussions have been highly valuable. The writer's colleague, Pro fessor FAUSTO CALDERAZZO (now going to the University of Pisa) has been most helpful in metallo-organic questions. Thanks are also due to Professors E. RANcKE-MADsEN and K. A. JENSEN for correspondence and conversations about formal oxidation numbers.

How long is Oxidation Numbers and Oxidation States?

Oxidation Numbers and Oxidation States by Christian Klixbüll Jorgensen is 292 pages long, and a total of 73,584 words.

This makes it 99% the length of the average book. It also has 90% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Oxidation Numbers and Oxidation States Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 6 hours and 42 minutes to read Oxidation Numbers and Oxidation States aloud.

What Reading Level is Oxidation Numbers and Oxidation States?

Oxidation Numbers and Oxidation States is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Oxidation Numbers and Oxidation States?

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