How Long to Read Pasteur's Quadrant

How Long Does it Take to Read Pasteur's Quadrant?

It takes the average reader 3 hours and 33 minutes to read Pasteur's Quadrant by Donald E. Stokes

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Over fifty years ago, Vannevar Bush released his enormously influential report, Science, the Endless Frontier, which asserted a dichotomy between basic and applied science. This view was at the core of the compact between government and science that led to the golden age of scientific research after World War II—a compact that is currently under severe stress. In this book, Donald Stokes challenges Bush's view and maintains that we can only rebuild the relationship between government and the scientific community when we understand what is wrong with that view. Stokes begins with an analysis of the goals of understanding and use in scientific research. He recasts the widely accepted view of the tension between understanding and use, citing as a model case the fundamental yet use-inspired studies by which Louis Pasteur laid the foundations of microbiology a century ago. Pasteur worked in the era of the "second industrial revolution," when the relationship between basic science and technological change assumed its modern form. Over subsequent decades, technology has been increasingly science-based. But science has been increasingly technology-based--with the choice of problems and the conduct of research often inspired by societal needs. An example is the work of the quantum-effects physicists who are probing the phenomena revealed by the miniaturization of semiconductors from the time of the transistor's discovery after World War II. On this revised, interactive view of science and technology, Stokes builds a convincing case that by recognizing the importance of use-inspired basic research we can frame a new compact between science and government. His conclusions have major implications for both the scientific and policy communities and will be of great interest to those in the broader public who are troubled by the current role of basic science in American democracy.

How long is Pasteur's Quadrant?

Pasteur's Quadrant by Donald E. Stokes is 212 pages long, and a total of 53,424 words.

This makes it 72% the length of the average book. It also has 65% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Pasteur's Quadrant Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 4 hours and 51 minutes to read Pasteur's Quadrant aloud.

What Reading Level is Pasteur's Quadrant?

Pasteur's Quadrant is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Pasteur's Quadrant?

Pasteur's Quadrant by Donald E. Stokes is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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