How Long to Read Pediatric Neurology Part I

How Long Does it Take to Read Pediatric Neurology Part I?

It takes the average reader 14 hours and 59 minutes to read Pediatric Neurology Part I by Stéphane Marret

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Cerebral palsy (CP), defined as a group of nonprogressive disorders of movement and posture, is the most common cause of severe neurodisability in children. Understanding its physiopathology is crucial to developing some protective strategies. Interruption of oxygen supply to the fetus or brain asphyxia was classically considered to be the main causal factor explaining later CP. However several ante-, peri-, and postnatal factors could be involved in the origins of CP syndromes. Congenital malformations are rarely identified. CP is most often the result of environmental factors, which might interact with genetic vulnerabilities, and could be severe enough to cause the destructive injuries visible with standard imaging (i.e., ultrasonographic study or MRI), predominantly in the white matter in preterm infants and in the gray matter and the brainstem nuclei in full-term newborns. Moreover they act on an immature brain and could alter the remarkable series of developmental events. Biochemical key factors originating in cell death or cell process loss, observed in hypoxic−ischemic as well as inflammatory conditions, are excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, maternal growth factor deprivation, extracellular matrix modifications, and excessive release of glutamate, triggering the excitotoxic cascade. Only two strategies have succeeded in decreasing CP in 2-year-old children: hypothermia in full-term newborns with moderate neonatal encephalopathy and administration of magnesium sulfate to mothers in preterm labor.

How long is Pediatric Neurology Part I?

Pediatric Neurology Part I by Stéphane Marret is 892 pages long, and a total of 224,784 words.

This makes it 301% the length of the average book. It also has 275% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Pediatric Neurology Part I Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 20 hours and 28 minutes to read Pediatric Neurology Part I aloud.

What Reading Level is Pediatric Neurology Part I?

Pediatric Neurology Part I is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Pediatric Neurology Part I?

Pediatric Neurology Part I by Stéphane Marret is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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