How Long to Read Political Bribery in Japan

How Long Does it Take to Read Political Bribery in Japan?

It takes the average reader 3 hours and 50 minutes to read Political Bribery in Japan by Richard H. Mitchell

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Scholars often use the term "structural corruption" when discussing modern Japan's political system--a system that forces politicians to exchange favors with businessmen in return for funds to finance their political careers. Scholars argue that the origins of corruption can be found in the "iron triangles" formed by politicians, bureaucrats, and businessmen during the postwar era or during the Pacific War years. In this examination of malfeasance in Japanese public office, Richard Mitchell systematically surveys political bribery in Japan's historical and cultural contexts from antiquity to the early 1900s. Mitchell's narrative serially considers scandals involving courtiers in the ancient imperial government, corruption among the shogun's samurai officials, and political bribery among bureaucrats and party politicians in the mid-nineteenth century. Mitchell concludes that bribery was as ubiquitous in premodern Japan as it has been in recent times. Focusing on the period since 1868, Mitchell discusses in fascinating detail changes in political bribery in the wake of suffrage expansion, estimates of the enormous amount of campaign money needed to win a Diet seat in both the prewar and postwar periods, and the low conviction rate of suspected takers of bribes. Here is a highly readable and reliable survey of an important yet largely neglected topic in English-language studies of Japanese political history.

How long is Political Bribery in Japan?

Political Bribery in Japan by Richard H. Mitchell is 230 pages long, and a total of 57,500 words.

This makes it 78% the length of the average book. It also has 70% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Political Bribery in Japan Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours and 14 minutes to read Political Bribery in Japan aloud.

What Reading Level is Political Bribery in Japan?

Political Bribery in Japan is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Political Bribery in Japan?

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