How Long to Read Postcommunist Welfare States

How Long Does it Take to Read Postcommunist Welfare States?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 57 minutes to read Postcommunist Welfare States by Linda J. Cook

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

In the early 1990s, the countries of the former Soviet Bloc faced an urgent need to reform the systems by which they delivered broad, basic social welfare to their citizens. Inherited systems were inefficient and financially unsustainable. Linda J. Cook here explores the politics and policy of social welfare from 1990 to 2004 in the Russian Federation, Poland, Hungary, Belarus, and Kazakhstan. Most of these countries, she shows, tried to institute reforms based on a liberal paradigm of reduced entitlements and subsidies, means-testing, and privatization. But these proposals provoked opposition from pro-welfare interests, and the politics of negotiating change varied substantially from one political arena to another. In Russia, for example, liberalizing reform was blocked for a decade. Only as Vladimir Putin rose to power did the country change its inherited welfare system. Cook finds that the impact of economic pressures on welfare was strongly mediated by domestic political factors, including the level of democratization and balance of pro- and anti-reform political forces. Postcommunist welfare politics throughout Russia and Eastern Europe, she shows, are marked by the large role played by bureaucratic welfare stakeholders who were left over from the communist period and, in weak states, by the development of informal processes in social sectors.

How long is Postcommunist Welfare States?

Postcommunist Welfare States by Linda J. Cook is 288 pages long, and a total of 74,304 words.

This makes it 97% the length of the average book. It also has 91% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Postcommunist Welfare States Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 6 hours and 46 minutes to read Postcommunist Welfare States aloud.

What Reading Level is Postcommunist Welfare States?

Postcommunist Welfare States is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Postcommunist Welfare States?

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