How Long to Read Probing the Quantum Vacuum

How Long Does it Take to Read Probing the Quantum Vacuum?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 7 minutes to read Probing the Quantum Vacuum by Walter Dittrich

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This book is devoted to an investigation of the vacuum of quantum elec trodynamics (QED), relying on the perturbative effective action approach. If the vacuum is probed with external perturbations, the response of the system can be analyzed after averaging over the high energy degrees of freedom. This results in an effective description of the properties of the vacuum, which are comparable to the properties of a classical medium. We concentrate primarily on the physics of slowly varying fields or soft photons by integrating out the high energy degrees of freedom, i.e. the elec trons, employing Schwinger's proper time method. We derive a new represen tation of the one loop photon polarization tensor, coupling to all orders to an arbitrary constant electromagnetic field, fully maintaining the dependence on the complete set of invariants. On the basis of effective Lagrangians, we derive the light cone condition for low frequency photons propagating in strong fields. Our formalism can be extended to various external perturbations, such as temperature and Casimir situations. We give a proof of the "unified formula" for low energy phenom ena that describes the refractive indices of various perturbed quantum vacua. In the high energy domain, we observe similarities between a vacuum with a superstrong magnetic field and a magnetized plasma. The question of mea surability of the various effects is addressed; a violation of causality is not found.

How long is Probing the Quantum Vacuum?

Probing the Quantum Vacuum by Walter Dittrich is 244 pages long, and a total of 61,976 words.

This makes it 82% the length of the average book. It also has 76% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Probing the Quantum Vacuum Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours and 38 minutes to read Probing the Quantum Vacuum aloud.

What Reading Level is Probing the Quantum Vacuum?

Probing the Quantum Vacuum is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Probing the Quantum Vacuum?

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