It takes the average reader 3 hours and 13 minutes to read Proclus: On Providence by Proclus,
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
'The universe is, as it were, one machine, wherein the celestial spheres are analogous to the interlocking wheels and the particular beings are like the things moved by the wheels' and all events are determined by an inescapable necessity. To speak of free choice or self determination is only an illusion we human beings cherish. Thus writes Theodore the engineer to his old friend Proclus. Proclus' reply is one of the most remarkable discussions on fate, providence and free choice in Late Antiquity. It continues a long debate that had started with the first polemics of the Platonists against the Stoic doctrine of determinism. How can there be place for free choice and moral responsibility in a world governed by an unalterable fate? Notwithstanding its great interest, Proclus' treatise has not received the attention it deserves, probably because the text survived only in a Latin medieval translation and, in its original language, is not very accessible to the modern reader. This volume, the first English translation of the work, redresses this problem and once again brings the arguments he formulates to the fore.
Proclus: On Providence by Proclus, is 192 pages long, and a total of 48,384 words.
This makes it 65% the length of the average book. It also has 59% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 4 hours and 24 minutes to read Proclus: On Providence aloud.
Proclus: On Providence is suitable for students ages 10 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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