How Long to Read Pursuing the Origin of Pathogenic Bacterial Species

How Long Does it Take to Read Pursuing the Origin of Pathogenic Bacterial Species?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 10 minutes to read Pursuing the Origin of Pathogenic Bacterial Species by Shu-Lin Liu

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Microbes may become pathogenic and mankind develops antimicrobials and vaccines to fight with them, which may lead to an arms race as pathogens develop drug resistance and humans invent newer drugs, often ending up with uncontrollable infections. This book narrates the author’s journey pursuing the origin of pathogenic bacterial species, demonstrating through experiments that bacteria form new species by acquiring novel genes from surroundings and altering the genome for better fitness. If the newly acquired genes encode pathogenic traits, the originally benign bacteria may become new pathogens. To control pathogens, antimicrobials and vaccines are useful in many cases, but, in addition, book proposes a third strategy through the concept of herd resistance via enhancing the protective functions of intestinal microbiota, which will not trigger an arms race nor interfere with immune functions. This strategy can be generalized to a broad range of bacterial or viral pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2.

How long is Pursuing the Origin of Pathogenic Bacterial Species?

Pursuing the Origin of Pathogenic Bacterial Species by Shu-Lin Liu is 250 pages long, and a total of 62,500 words.

This makes it 84% the length of the average book. It also has 76% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Pursuing the Origin of Pathogenic Bacterial Species Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours and 41 minutes to read Pursuing the Origin of Pathogenic Bacterial Species aloud.

What Reading Level is Pursuing the Origin of Pathogenic Bacterial Species?

Pursuing the Origin of Pathogenic Bacterial Species is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Pursuing the Origin of Pathogenic Bacterial Species?

Pursuing the Origin of Pathogenic Bacterial Species by Shu-Lin Liu is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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