How Long to Read Review of Literature on Climate Change and Forest Diseases of Western North America
By John Kliejunas
How Long Does it Take to Read Review of Literature on Climate Change and Forest Diseases of Western North America?
It takes the average reader 1 hour to read Review of Literature on Climate Change and Forest Diseases of Western North America by John Kliejunas
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
Description
A summary of literature on relationships between climate and various types of tree diseases, and the potential effects of climate change on pathogens in western North American forests is provided. Climate change general will lead to reductions in tree health and will improve conditions for some highly damaging pathogens. Sections on abiotic diseases, declines, canker diseases, root diseases, Phytophthoras, foliar diseases, stem rusts of pine, mistletoes, and wood decays present some examples of potential disease effects with predicted climate change. The effects of climate change on hosts, pathogens, and their interaction will have numerous, mostly adverse, consequences to forest ecosystems.
How long is Review of Literature on Climate Change and Forest Diseases of Western North America?
Review of Literature on Climate Change and Forest Diseases of Western North America by John Kliejunas is 60 pages long, and a total of 15,000 words.
This makes it 20% the length of the average book. It also has 18% more words than the average book.
How Long Does it Take to Read Review of Literature on Climate Change and Forest Diseases of Western North America Aloud?
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 21 minutes to read Review of Literature on Climate Change and Forest Diseases of Western North America aloud.
What Reading Level is Review of Literature on Climate Change and Forest Diseases of Western North America?
Review of Literature on Climate Change and Forest Diseases of Western North America is suitable for students ages 8 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
Where Can I Buy Review of Literature on Climate Change and Forest Diseases of Western North America?
Review of Literature on Climate Change and Forest Diseases of Western North America by John Kliejunas is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.
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