How Long to Read Ritual Negotiations

How Long Does it Take to Read Ritual Negotiations?

It takes the average reader 14 hours and 38 minutes to read Ritual Negotiations by Jennifer Mara DeSilva

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

During the first three decades of the sixteenth century the papacy presented itself as a political power, led by a papal monarch who not only ruled the Papal States in Italy but also influenced the states and people of Christendom. On the eve of the Reformation the papacy faced criticism for its political involvement, its ignorant clergy, and its failure to prioritize the cure of souls over the collection of benefices. Simultaneously in the 1510s there was a revival of conciliarism encouraged by the College of Cardinals' dissatisfaction with their depleted share of real power and the papacy's focus on papal monarchism. Within the Roman court these issues were negotiated through the politically charged language of ritual, under the direction of the Master of Ceremonies, Paris de' Grassi (1504-1528). In concert with the pope, de' Grassi established rituals that projected images of a cohesive and loyal College of Cardinals, based on the model of a courtier whose relations with the pope were publicly constructed through papal liturgical and political rituals. De' Grassi chronicled his work, opinions and the events of the court in a diary (1504-1521) that was kept as a reminder for himself and a guide for his ceremonialist colleagues. Other scholars have dismissed de' Grassi as a pedant who held little authority, but my research shows that he served as the director of vital ritual events that established the relative roles of the papal monarch and the cardinal-courtier, and suppressed all hopes for conciliarist government of the Church. Moreover, the diary shows how de' Grassi transformed the Office of Ceremonies into a papal college as part of the growing bureaucratization of the papacy, and how he projected papal messages to the outside world through ritual acts.

How long is Ritual Negotiations?

Ritual Negotiations by Jennifer Mara DeSilva is 872 pages long, and a total of 219,744 words.

This makes it 294% the length of the average book. It also has 269% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Ritual Negotiations Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 20 hours to read Ritual Negotiations aloud.

What Reading Level is Ritual Negotiations?

Ritual Negotiations is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Ritual Negotiations?

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