It takes the average reader 3 hours and 40 minutes to read Salmonine Introductions to the Laurentian Great Lakes by Stephen Scott Crawford
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
This publication provides an historical review and evaluation of documented ecological effects associated with salmonine introductions to the Laurentian Great Lakes. The introduction of salmonines to the Great Lakes date back to the 1870s, when natural populations of native salmonines in the Great Lakes were in severe decline. Using established evaluation protocols, it was determined that there is evidence of significant ecological effects in six different categories: (1) diseases and parasites, (2) predation on native species, (3) competition for limiting resources, (4) genetic alteration,...
Salmonine Introductions to the Laurentian Great Lakes by Stephen Scott Crawford is 220 pages long, and a total of 55,000 words.
This makes it 74% the length of the average book. It also has 67% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours to read Salmonine Introductions to the Laurentian Great Lakes aloud.
Salmonine Introductions to the Laurentian Great Lakes is suitable for students ages 12 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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