How Long to Read Smooth Four-Manifolds and Complex Surfaces

How Long Does it Take to Read Smooth Four-Manifolds and Complex Surfaces?

It takes the average reader 8 hours and 46 minutes to read Smooth Four-Manifolds and Complex Surfaces by Robert Friedman

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

In 1961 Smale established the generalized Poincare Conjecture in dimensions greater than or equal to 5 [129] and proceeded to prove the h-cobordism theorem [130]. This result inaugurated a major effort to classify all possible smooth and topological structures on manifolds of dimension at least 5. By the mid 1970's the main outlines of this theory were complete, and explicit answers (especially concerning simply connected manifolds) as well as general qualitative results had been obtained. As an example of such a qualitative result, a closed, simply connected manifold of dimension 2: 5 is determined up to finitely many diffeomorphism possibilities by its homotopy type and its Pontrjagin classes. There are similar results for self-diffeomorphisms, which, at least in the simply connected case, say that the group of self-diffeomorphisms of a closed manifold M of dimension at least 5 is commensurate with an arithmetic subgroup of the linear algebraic group of all automorphisms of its so-called rational minimal model which preserve the Pontrjagin classes [131]. Once the high dimensional theory was in good shape, attention shifted to the remaining, and seemingly exceptional, dimensions 3 and 4. The theory behind the results for manifolds of dimension at least 5 does not carryover to manifolds of these low dimensions, essentially because there is no longer enough room to maneuver. Thus new ideas are necessary to study manifolds of these "low" dimensions.

How long is Smooth Four-Manifolds and Complex Surfaces?

Smooth Four-Manifolds and Complex Surfaces by Robert Friedman is 522 pages long, and a total of 131,544 words.

This makes it 176% the length of the average book. It also has 161% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Smooth Four-Manifolds and Complex Surfaces Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 11 hours and 58 minutes to read Smooth Four-Manifolds and Complex Surfaces aloud.

What Reading Level is Smooth Four-Manifolds and Complex Surfaces?

Smooth Four-Manifolds and Complex Surfaces is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Smooth Four-Manifolds and Complex Surfaces?

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