How Long to Read Social Unrests and Fuel Prices: The Role of Macroeconomic, Social and Institutional Factors

How Long Does it Take to Read Social Unrests and Fuel Prices: The Role of Macroeconomic, Social and Institutional Factors?

It takes the average reader and 50 minutes to read Social Unrests and Fuel Prices: The Role of Macroeconomic, Social and Institutional Factors by Alassane Drabo

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This paper investigates the impact of fuel price increases on social unrests in addition to the macroeconomic, social and institutional factors driving this relationship. Using the IV fixed-effect estimator on a sample of 101 developing countries during 2001-2020, we find that changes in fuel prices are positively associated with the number of social unrests, mainly anti-government demonstrations. This impact is however amplified: (i) during economic downturns and periods of high exchange rate instability; (ii) when government spending is low, especially on health and education, thus suggesting that streamlining fuel subsides and diverting parts of the reform savings to the health and education sectors is an appropriate policy that could appease social tensions; (iii) in countries with high income inequality, low institutional quality and high level of corruption. The results are robust to a battery of tests, including the use of an instrumental variable approach to address reverse causality concerns given that social unrests could also prompt a freeze in fuel prices. We also find consistent results using either changes in diesel or gasoline prices. Overall, the findings of the paper provide support to the grievance and deprivation theory in explaining the association between fuel price increases and social unrests, but fail to find evidence for the resource theory and the theory of political opportunities.

How long is Social Unrests and Fuel Prices: The Role of Macroeconomic, Social and Institutional Factors?

Social Unrests and Fuel Prices: The Role of Macroeconomic, Social and Institutional Factors by Alassane Drabo is 49 pages long, and a total of 12,691 words.

This makes it 17% the length of the average book. It also has 16% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Social Unrests and Fuel Prices: The Role of Macroeconomic, Social and Institutional Factors Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 9 minutes to read Social Unrests and Fuel Prices: The Role of Macroeconomic, Social and Institutional Factors aloud.

What Reading Level is Social Unrests and Fuel Prices: The Role of Macroeconomic, Social and Institutional Factors?

Social Unrests and Fuel Prices: The Role of Macroeconomic, Social and Institutional Factors is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

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Social Unrests and Fuel Prices: The Role of Macroeconomic, Social and Institutional Factors by Alassane Drabo is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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