How Long to Read Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation

How Long Does it Take to Read Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation?

It takes the average reader 3 hours and 39 minutes to read Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation by John M. Harris

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

It is widely recognized that spiral grain in trees severely reduces the value of sawn timber through warping and loss of strength, and that it also causes problems for other wood uses as diverse as transmission poles or plywood. Yet, paradoxically, there are highly valued grain patterns including wavy and interlocked grain, whose origins in the cambium invite direct comparison with those of spiral grain, so that many authorities believe them to be related phenomena. In recent years this concept has prompted extensive research into the anatomy, genetics, and physiology of all such grain...

How long is Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation?

Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation by John M. Harris is 215 pages long, and a total of 54,825 words.

This makes it 73% the length of the average book. It also has 67% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 4 hours and 59 minutes to read Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation aloud.

What Reading Level is Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation?

Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation?

Spiral Grain and Wave Phenomena in Wood Formation by John M. Harris is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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