How Long to Read Status and Understanding of Groundwater Quality in the South Coast Range-Coastal Study Unit, 2008

How Long Does it Take to Read Status and Understanding of Groundwater Quality in the South Coast Range-Coastal Study Unit, 2008?

It takes the average reader 1 hour and 38 minutes to read Status and Understanding of Groundwater Quality in the South Coast Range-Coastal Study Unit, 2008 by Carmen A. Burton

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Groundwater quality in the approximately 653-square-mile (1,691-square-kilometer) South Coast Interior Basins (SCI) study unit was investigated as part of the Priority Basin Project of the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The South Coast Interior Basins study unit contains eight priority groundwater basins grouped into three study areas, Livermore, Gilroy, and Cuyama, in the Southern Coast Ranges hydrogeologic province. The GAMA Priority Basin Project is being conducted by the California State Water Resources Control Board in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The GAMA South Coast Interior Basins study was designed to provide a spatially unbiased assessment of untreated (raw) groundwater quality within the primary aquifer system, as well as a statistically consistent basis for comparing water quality between basins. The assessment was based on water-quality and ancillary data collected by the USGS from 50 wells in 2008 and on water-quality data from the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) database. The primary aquifer system was defined by the depth intervals of the wells listed in the CDPH database for the SCI study unit. The quality of groundwater in the primary aquifer system may be different from that in the shallower or deeper water-bearing zones; shallow groundwater may be more vulnerable to surficial contamination. The first component of this study, the status of the current quality of the groundwater resource, was assessed by using data from samples analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, and naturally occurring inorganic constituents, such as trace elements and minor ions. This status assessment is intended to characterize the quality of groundwater resources within the primary aquifer system of the SCI study unit, not the treated drinking water delivered to consumers by water purveyors. Relative-concentrations (sample concentration divided by the health- or aesthetic-based benchmark concentration) were used for evaluating groundwater quality for those constituents that have Federal or California regulatory or non-regulatory benchmarks for drinking-water quality. A relative-concentration greater than 1.0 indicates a concentration greater than a benchmark, and a relative-concentration less than or equal to 1.0 indicates a concentration equal to or less than a benchmark. Relative-concentrations of organic constituents and special-interest constituents were classified as "high" (relative-concentration greater than 1.0), "moderate" (relative-concentration greater than 0.1 and less than or equal to 1.0), or "low" (relative-concentration less than or equal to 0.1). Relative-concentrations of inorganic constituents were classified as "high" (relative-concentration greater than 1.0), "moderate" (relative-concentration greater than 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.0), or "low" (relative-concentration less than or equal to 0.5).

How long is Status and Understanding of Groundwater Quality in the South Coast Range-Coastal Study Unit, 2008?

Status and Understanding of Groundwater Quality in the South Coast Range-Coastal Study Unit, 2008 by Carmen A. Burton is 96 pages long, and a total of 24,576 words.

This makes it 32% the length of the average book. It also has 30% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Status and Understanding of Groundwater Quality in the South Coast Range-Coastal Study Unit, 2008 Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 14 minutes to read Status and Understanding of Groundwater Quality in the South Coast Range-Coastal Study Unit, 2008 aloud.

What Reading Level is Status and Understanding of Groundwater Quality in the South Coast Range-Coastal Study Unit, 2008?

Status and Understanding of Groundwater Quality in the South Coast Range-Coastal Study Unit, 2008 is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

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