How Long to Read Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury

How Long Does it Take to Read Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 4 minutes to read Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury by Emmanouil Skouras

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Recovery of mimic function after facial nerve transection is poor: the successful regrowth of axotomized motoneurons to their targets is compromised by (i) poor axonal navigation and excessive collateral branching, (ii) abnormal exchange of nerve impulses between adjacent regrowing axons and (iii) insufficient synaptic input to facial motoneurons. As a result, axotomized motoneurons get hyperexcitable and unable to discharge. Since improvement of growth cone navigation and reduction of the ephaptic cross-talk between axons turn out be very difficult, the authorsa concentrated on the third detrimental component and proposed that an intensification of the trigeminal input to axotomized electrophysiologically silent facial motoneurons might improve specificity of reinnervation. To test the hypothesis they compared behavioral, electrophysiological and morphological parameters after single reconstructive surgery on the facial nerve with those obtained after identical facial nerve surgery, but combined with direct or indirect stimulation of the ipsilateral infraorbital (ION) nerve. The authors found that in all cases trigeminal stimulation was beneficial for the outcome by improving the quality of target reinnervation and recovery of vibrissal motor performance.

How long is Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury?

Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury by Emmanouil Skouras is 123 pages long, and a total of 31,119 words.

This makes it 42% the length of the average book. It also has 38% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 50 minutes to read Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury aloud.

What Reading Level is Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury?

Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury?

Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury by Emmanouil Skouras is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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