How Long to Read Surgeons and the Scope

How Long Does it Take to Read Surgeons and the Scope?

It takes the average reader 3 hours and 47 minutes to read Surgeons and the Scope by James R. Zetka

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

In Surgeons and the Scope, James R. Zetka Jr. describes the impact of the video laparoscope on the work lives of contemporary surgeons. The video laparoscope allows surgeons to peer into the inner abdomen with a miniaturized camera, thereby enabling them to perform complex operations without large incisions through small ports punched into the abdominal wall. This technological innovation revolutionized surgery as we know it. Zetka blends rich interview and archival data into a compelling account of an important technological development. He shows how the new laparoscopic technology challenged surgeons to rethink their approaches to surgery, to relearn basic hand-eye coordination, to master complex machinery, and to shift from individualistic to team-based work strategies. Zetka then explains how and why general surgeons embraced this disruptive technology by examining the breakdown of the division of labor between general surgeons and gastroenterologists in response to the unintended and unanticipated outcomes of the scope technology. In Surgeons and the Scope, Zetka weaves cultural, structural, and political economic developments into a sophisticated account of technological change. By viewing the advent of laparoscopic surgery within the context of the history, culture, and ideology of medicine, Zetka provides a deeper understanding of the politics of technology, particularly its effects on job skills, occupations, and worker control.

How long is Surgeons and the Scope?

Surgeons and the Scope by James R. Zetka is 224 pages long, and a total of 56,896 words.

This makes it 76% the length of the average book. It also has 70% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Surgeons and the Scope Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours and 10 minutes to read Surgeons and the Scope aloud.

What Reading Level is Surgeons and the Scope?

Surgeons and the Scope is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Surgeons and the Scope?

Surgeons and the Scope by James R. Zetka is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

To buy Surgeons and the Scope by James R. Zetka on Amazon click the button below.