How Long to Read Synergistic Use of Microwave and Optical Satellite Data for Monsoon Cropland Mapping in India

How Long Does it Take to Read Synergistic Use of Microwave and Optical Satellite Data for Monsoon Cropland Mapping in India?

It takes the average reader 1 hour and 50 minutes to read Synergistic Use of Microwave and Optical Satellite Data for Monsoon Cropland Mapping in India by Mohammad Abdul Qadir Khan

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Monsoon crops play a critical role in Indian agriculture, hence, monitoring these crops is vital for supporting economic growth and food security for the country. However, monitoring these crops is challenging due to limited availability of optical satellite data due to cloud cover during crop growth stages, landscape heterogeneity, and small field sizes. In this work, our objective is to develop a robust methodology for high-resolution (10 m) monsoon cropland mapping appropriate for different agro-ecological regions (AER) in India. I adapted a synergistic approach of combining Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) (also called as radar) data with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from Sentinel-2 optical data using Machine Learning algorithms of Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) within the Google Earth Engine platform. I developed a new technique, Radar Optical cross Masking (ROM), for separating cropland from non-cropland by masking out forest, plantation, and other non-dynamic features. The methodology was tested for five deferent AERs in India, representing a wide diversity in agriculture, soil, and climatic variations. Our findings indicate that the overall accuracy obtained by using the radar-only approach is 90% and 80 % whereas that of the combined approach is 93% and 90% using RF and SVM respectively It is also observed that overall RF outperformed SVM, however SVM showed improved performance when optical datasets are combined with radar data Our proposed methodology is particularly effective in regions with cropland mixed with tree plantation/mixed forest, typical of smallholder dominated tropical countries. The proposed agriculture mask, ROM, has high potential to support the global agriculture monitoring missions of Geo Global Agriculture Monitoring (GEOGLAM) and Sentinel-2 for Agriculture (S2Agri) project for constructing a dynamic monsoon cropland mask.

How long is Synergistic Use of Microwave and Optical Satellite Data for Monsoon Cropland Mapping in India?

Synergistic Use of Microwave and Optical Satellite Data for Monsoon Cropland Mapping in India by Mohammad Abdul Qadir Khan is 110 pages long, and a total of 27,500 words.

This makes it 37% the length of the average book. It also has 34% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Synergistic Use of Microwave and Optical Satellite Data for Monsoon Cropland Mapping in India Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 30 minutes to read Synergistic Use of Microwave and Optical Satellite Data for Monsoon Cropland Mapping in India aloud.

What Reading Level is Synergistic Use of Microwave and Optical Satellite Data for Monsoon Cropland Mapping in India?

Synergistic Use of Microwave and Optical Satellite Data for Monsoon Cropland Mapping in India is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

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