How Long to Read The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation

How Long Does it Take to Read The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation?

It takes the average reader and 35 minutes to read The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation by Gnanaraj Chellaraj

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Abstract: The impact of international students and skilled immigration in the United States on innovative activity is estimated using a model of idea generation. In the main specification a system of three equations is estimated, where dependent variables are total patent applications, patents awarded to U.S. universities, and patents awarded to other U.S. entities, each scaled by the domestic labor force. Results indicate that both international graduate students and skilled immigrants have a significant and positive impact on future patent applications, as well as on future patents awarded to university and nonuniversity institutions. The central estimates suggest that a 10 percent increase in the number of foreign graduate students would raise patent applications by 4.7 percent, university patent grants by 5.3 percent, and nonuniversity patent grants by 6.7 percent. Thus, reductions in foreign graduate students from visa restrictions could significantly reduce U.S. innovative activity. Increases in skilled immigration also have a positive, but smaller, impact on patenting.

How long is The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation?

The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation by Gnanaraj Chellaraj is 35 pages long, and a total of 8,925 words.

This makes it 12% the length of the average book. It also has 11% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes and 48 minutes to read The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation aloud.

What Reading Level is The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation?

The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation?

The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation by Gnanaraj Chellaraj is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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