How Long to Read The Dynamics of Serotonin Receptor Expression in the Developing Forebrain

How Long Does it Take to Read The Dynamics of Serotonin Receptor Expression in the Developing Forebrain?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 41 minutes to read The Dynamics of Serotonin Receptor Expression in the Developing Forebrain by Angela Chen

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) serves an important modulatory role in the entire central nervous system (CNS), and serotonergic abnormalities have been implicated in many mental disorders. All of the CNS supply of 5-HT originates in the brainstem raphe nuclei. The midbrain dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) sends widespread projections to the forebrain but receives direct input from only a small number of forebrain regions, including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We hypothesized that prenatal perturbations of 5-HT levels may alter the forebrain expression of 5-HT receptors (5-HTRs) in a time-sensitive manner and that these changes may result in persistent changes of the forebrain control of the DRN. Specifically, this thesis investigated the susceptibility of 5-HTR expression in the embryonic mouse telencephalon to chronic and acute perturbations of 5-HT levels and examined the effects of altered 5-HT 4R expression on the synaptic structure of the mPFC-DRN projection. These studies demonstrated (i) that acute and chronic perturbations of 5-HT levels affect the expression of 5-HT1AR, 5-HT 2AR, and 5-HT4R in the embryonic forebrain and (ii) that altered 5-HT4R expression affects the development of the synaptic connectivity between mPFC terminals and DRN serotonergic neurons. These findings suggest that prenatal serotonergic perturbations can strongly influence the development of the prefrontal control of 5-HT signaling and have long-term consequences for behavioral responses later in life.

How long is The Dynamics of Serotonin Receptor Expression in the Developing Forebrain?

The Dynamics of Serotonin Receptor Expression in the Developing Forebrain by Angela Chen is 161 pages long, and a total of 40,411 words.

This makes it 54% the length of the average book. It also has 49% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read The Dynamics of Serotonin Receptor Expression in the Developing Forebrain Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 40 minutes to read The Dynamics of Serotonin Receptor Expression in the Developing Forebrain aloud.

What Reading Level is The Dynamics of Serotonin Receptor Expression in the Developing Forebrain?

The Dynamics of Serotonin Receptor Expression in the Developing Forebrain is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy The Dynamics of Serotonin Receptor Expression in the Developing Forebrain?

The Dynamics of Serotonin Receptor Expression in the Developing Forebrain by Angela Chen is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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