How Long to Read The Early Period of the Calculus of Variations

How Long Does it Take to Read The Early Period of the Calculus of Variations?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 56 minutes to read The Early Period of the Calculus of Variations by Paolo Freguglia

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This monograph explores the early development of the calculus of variations in continental Europe during the Eighteenth Century by illustrating the mathematics of its founders. Closely following the original papers and correspondences of Euler, Lagrange, the Bernoullis, and others, the reader is immersed in the challenge of theory building. We see what the founders were doing, the difficulties they faced, the mistakes they made, and their triumphs. The authors guide the reader through these works with instructive commentaries and complements to the original proofs, as well as offering a modern perspective where useful. The authors begin in 1697 with Johann Bernoulli’s work on the brachystochrone problem and the events leading up to it, marking the dawn of the calculus of variations. From there, they cover key advances in the theory up to the development of Lagrange’s δ-calculus, including: • The isoperimetrical problems • Shortest lines and geodesics • Euler’s Methodus Inveniendi and the two Additamenta Finally, the authors give the readers a sense of how vast the calculus of variations has become in centuries hence, providing some idea of what lies outside the scope of the book as well as the current state of affairs in the field. This book will be of interest to anyone studying the calculus of variations who wants a deeper intuition for the techniques and ideas that are used, as well as historians of science and mathematics interested in the development and evolution of modern calculus and analysis.

How long is The Early Period of the Calculus of Variations?

The Early Period of the Calculus of Variations by Paolo Freguglia is 293 pages long, and a total of 74,129 words.

This makes it 99% the length of the average book. It also has 91% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read The Early Period of the Calculus of Variations Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 6 hours and 45 minutes to read The Early Period of the Calculus of Variations aloud.

What Reading Level is The Early Period of the Calculus of Variations?

The Early Period of the Calculus of Variations is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy The Early Period of the Calculus of Variations?

The Early Period of the Calculus of Variations by Paolo Freguglia is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

To buy The Early Period of the Calculus of Variations by Paolo Freguglia on Amazon click the button below.