How Long to Read The Legacy of American Copper Smelting

How Long Does it Take to Read The Legacy of American Copper Smelting?

It takes the average reader 5 hours and 3 minutes to read The Legacy of American Copper Smelting by Bode J. Morin

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Throughout world history, copper has been a significant metal for a vast number of cultures, from the oldest civilizations on record to the Bronze Age and Greek and Roman antiquity. Though replaced by iron as the primary metal for tools and weapons in ancient civilizations, copper found new resurgence in the nineteenth century when it was discovered to have particularly high thermal and electrical conductivity. Copper mining quickly escalated into a large-scale industry, and because of its vast reserves and innovative mining techniques, the United States seized the reins of global production with the opening of significant copper mines in Tennessee and Michigan in the 1840s and Montana in the 1870s. Copper-mining prosperity and America’s dominance of the industry came with a heavy environmental price, however. As rich copper deposits declined with increased mining efforts, large deposits of leaner ores—oftentimes less than one percent pure—had to be mined to keep pace with America’s technological thirst for copper. Processing such ore left an inordinate amount of industrial waste, such as tailings and slag deposits from the refining process and toxic materials from the ores themselves, and copper mining regions around the United States began to see firsthand the landscape degradation wrought by the industry. In The Legacy of American Copper Smelting, Bode J. Morin examines America’s three premier copper sites: Michigan’s Keweenaw Peninsula, Tennessee’s Copper Basin, and Butte- Anaconda, Montana. Morin focuses on what the copper industry meant to the townspeople working in and around these three major sites while also exploring the smelters’ environmental effects. Each site dealt with pollution management differently, and each site had to balance an EPA-mandated cleanup effort alongside the preservation of a once-proud industry. Morin’s work sheds new light on the EPA’s efforts to utilize Superfund dollars and/or protocols to erase the environmental consequences of copper-smelting while locals and preservationists tried to keep memories of the copper industry alive in what were dying or declining post-industrial towns. This book will appeal to anyone interested in the American history of copper or heritage preservation studies, as well as historians of modern America, industrial technology, and the environment. Bode J. Morin is an industrial archaeologist and historic site administrator directing Eckley Miners’ Village outside of Weatherly, Pennsylvania.

How long is The Legacy of American Copper Smelting?

The Legacy of American Copper Smelting by Bode J. Morin is 296 pages long, and a total of 75,776 words.

This makes it 100% the length of the average book. It also has 93% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read The Legacy of American Copper Smelting Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 6 hours and 54 minutes to read The Legacy of American Copper Smelting aloud.

What Reading Level is The Legacy of American Copper Smelting?

The Legacy of American Copper Smelting is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy The Legacy of American Copper Smelting?

The Legacy of American Copper Smelting by Bode J. Morin is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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