It takes the average reader 3 hours and 34 minutes to read The Nation Or the Ummah by BIROL. TASPINAR BASKAN (OEMER.)
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
Turkey's enthusiastic embrace of the Arab Spring set in motion a dynamic that fundamentally altered its relations with the United States, Russia, Qatar, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Iran, and transformed Turkey from a soft power to a hard power in the tangled geopolitics of the Middle East. Birol Başkan and mer Taşpınar argue that the ruling Justice and Development Party's (AKP) Islamist background played a significant role in the country's decision to embrace the uprisings and the subsequent foreign policy direction the country has pursued. They demonstrate that religious ideology is endogenous to--shaping and in turn being shaped by--Turkey's various engagements in the Middle East. The Nation or the Ummah emphasizes that while Islamist religious ideology does not provide specific policy prescriptions, it does shape the way the ruling elite sees and interprets the context and the structural boundaries they operate within.
The Nation Or the Ummah by BIROL. TASPINAR BASKAN (OEMER.) is 208 pages long, and a total of 53,664 words.
This makes it 70% the length of the average book. It also has 66% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 4 hours and 53 minutes to read The Nation Or the Ummah aloud.
The Nation Or the Ummah is suitable for students ages 12 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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