How Long to Read The Science of Synthesis

How Long Does it Take to Read The Science of Synthesis?

It takes the average reader 6 hours and 50 minutes to read The Science of Synthesis by Debora Hammond

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Debora Hammond's The Science of Synthesis explores the development of general systems theory and the individuals who gathered together around that idea to form the Society for General Systems Research. In examining the life and work of the SGSR's five founding members-Ludwig von Bertalanffy, Kenneth Boulding, Ralph Gerard, James Grier Miller, and Anatol Rapoport-Hammond traces the emergence of systems ideas across a broad range of disciplines in the mid-twentieth century. Both metaphor and framework, the systems concept as articulated by its earliest proponents highlights relationship and interconnectedness among the biological, ecological, social, psychological, and technological dimensions of our increasingly complex lives. Seeking to transcend the reductionism and mechanism of classical science-which they saw as limited by its focus on the discrete, component parts of reality-the general systems community hoped to complement this analytic approach with a more holistic orientation. As one of many systems traditions, the general systems group was specifically interested in fostering collaboration and integration among different disciplinary perspectives, with an emphasis on nurturing more participatory and truly democratic forms of social organization. The Science of Synthesis documents a unique episode in the history of modern thought, one that remains relevant today. This book will be of interest to historians of science, system thinkers, scholars and practitioners in the social sciences, management, organization development and related fields, as well as the general reader interested in the history of ideas that have shaped critical developments in the second half of the twentieth century.

How long is The Science of Synthesis?

The Science of Synthesis by Debora Hammond is 398 pages long, and a total of 102,684 words.

This makes it 134% the length of the average book. It also has 125% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read The Science of Synthesis Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 9 hours and 21 minutes to read The Science of Synthesis aloud.

What Reading Level is The Science of Synthesis?

The Science of Synthesis is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy The Science of Synthesis?

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