It takes the average reader 10 hours and 10 minutes to read The Springs of Democracy by Pasi Ihalainen
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
During the First World War, conflicts between the people’s sacrifices and their political participation led to crises of parliamentary legitimacy. This volume compares British, German, Swedish and Finnish debates on revolution, rule by the people, democracy and parliamentarism and their transnational links. The British reform, although more about winning the war than advancing democracy, restored parliamentary legitimacy, unlike in Germany, where Allied demands for democratisation made reform appear treasonous and fostered native German solutions. Sweden only adopted Western political models after major confrontations, but reforms saw it embark on its path to Social Democracy. In Finland, competing Russian revolutionary discourses and German- and Swedish-inspired appeals to legality brought about the deterioration of parliamentary legitimacy and a civil war. Only a republican compromise imposed by the Entente, following a royalist initiative in 1918, led to the construction of a viable polity.
The Springs of Democracy by Pasi Ihalainen is 589 pages long, and a total of 152,551 words.
This makes it 199% the length of the average book. It also has 186% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 13 hours and 53 minutes to read The Springs of Democracy aloud.
The Springs of Democracy is suitable for students ages 12 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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