How Long to Read Topologies

How Long Does it Take to Read Topologies?

It takes the average reader to read Topologies by Larry Busbea

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The utopian vision of spatial urbanism—an avant-garde architectural phenomenon that blended technology, leisure, and culture—examined as a reaction to modernism and official government building and planning in the embattled cultural context of 1960s France. Amid the cultural and political ferment of 1960s France, a group of avant-garde architects, artists, writers, theorists, and critics known as “spatial urbanists” envisioned a series of urban utopias—phantom cities of a possible future. The utopian “spatial” city most often took the form of a massive grid or mesh suspended above the ground, all of its parts (and inhabitants) circulating in a smooth, synchronous rhythm, its streets and buildings constituting a gigantic work of plastic art or interactive machine. In this new urban world, technology and automation were positive forces, providing for material needs as well as time and space for leisure. In this first study of the French avant-garde tendency known as spatial urbanism, Larry Busbea analyzes projects by artists and architects (including the most famous spatial practitioner, Yona Friedman) and explores texts (many of which have never before been translated from the French) by Michel Ragon, the influential founder of the Groupe International d'Architecture Prospective (GIAP), Victor Vasarely, and others. Even at its most fanciful, Busbea argues, the French urban utopia provided an image for social transformations that were only beginning to be described by cultural theorists and sociologists.

How long is Topologies?

Topologies by Larry Busbea is 0 pages long, and a total of 0 words.

This makes it 0% the length of the average book. It also has 0% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Topologies Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes to read Topologies aloud.

What Reading Level is Topologies?

Topologies is suitable for students ages 2 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Topologies?

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