How Long to Read Tree Rings and Climate in the Great Lakes Region—past, Present, and Future

How Long Does it Take to Read Tree Rings and Climate in the Great Lakes Region—past, Present, and Future?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 43 minutes to read Tree Rings and Climate in the Great Lakes Region—past, Present, and Future by Scott Matthew Warner

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

As climate change unfolds it is necessary to gain a better understanding of how tree growth is affected by contemporary climate. This can provide information about both prerecorded climate and future growth responses to climate change. Yet, tree growth and its relationship with climate remains understudied in one section of the northeastern United States, the Great Lakes Region. Here, I use dendrochronology to (1) reconstruct 500 years of moisture conditions on South Manitou Island, Lake Michigan, (2) compare growth and growth-climate relationships within/among nine species along a latitudinal gradient from southern Indiana to Upper Michigan, and (3) forecast future growth under climate change. I find that (1) while drought was a regular occurrence since the mid-1500s, the most severe droughts and the most variable conditions overall occurred in the 20th century, (2) the predominant climatic factors associated with growth in the region are summer temperature (negative relationships) and summer precipitation (positive relationships), and that the influence of these factors was strongest in the south, and (3) future growth was projected to decline over the rest of this century as climate change proceeds, independent of latitude.

How long is Tree Rings and Climate in the Great Lakes Region—past, Present, and Future?

Tree Rings and Climate in the Great Lakes Region—past, Present, and Future by Scott Matthew Warner is 162 pages long, and a total of 40,824 words.

This makes it 55% the length of the average book. It also has 50% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Tree Rings and Climate in the Great Lakes Region—past, Present, and Future Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 43 minutes to read Tree Rings and Climate in the Great Lakes Region—past, Present, and Future aloud.

What Reading Level is Tree Rings and Climate in the Great Lakes Region—past, Present, and Future?

Tree Rings and Climate in the Great Lakes Region—past, Present, and Future is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Tree Rings and Climate in the Great Lakes Region—past, Present, and Future?

Tree Rings and Climate in the Great Lakes Region—past, Present, and Future by Scott Matthew Warner is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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