How Long to Read Tribological Study of Nanoparticles Enriched Bio-based Lubricants for Piston Ring–Cylinder Interaction

How Long Does it Take to Read Tribological Study of Nanoparticles Enriched Bio-based Lubricants for Piston Ring–Cylinder Interaction?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 31 minutes to read Tribological Study of Nanoparticles Enriched Bio-based Lubricants for Piston Ring–Cylinder Interaction by Mubashir Gulzar

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This thesis investigates the tribological viability of bio-based base stock to which different nanoparticles were incorporated for engine piston-ring–cylinder-liner interaction. It determines experimentally the effects of lubricating oil conditions (new and engine-aged) on the friction and wear of the materials used for piston rings and cylinder liners. The specific base stock examined was a trimethylolpropane (TMP) ester derived from palm oil, and the nanoparticles were used as additives to obtain tribologically enhanced bio-based lubricants. The overall analysis of the results demonstrated...

How long is Tribological Study of Nanoparticles Enriched Bio-based Lubricants for Piston Ring–Cylinder Interaction?

Tribological Study of Nanoparticles Enriched Bio-based Lubricants for Piston Ring–Cylinder Interaction by Mubashir Gulzar is 147 pages long, and a total of 37,779 words.

This makes it 50% the length of the average book. It also has 46% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Tribological Study of Nanoparticles Enriched Bio-based Lubricants for Piston Ring–Cylinder Interaction Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 26 minutes to read Tribological Study of Nanoparticles Enriched Bio-based Lubricants for Piston Ring–Cylinder Interaction aloud.

What Reading Level is Tribological Study of Nanoparticles Enriched Bio-based Lubricants for Piston Ring–Cylinder Interaction?

Tribological Study of Nanoparticles Enriched Bio-based Lubricants for Piston Ring–Cylinder Interaction is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Tribological Study of Nanoparticles Enriched Bio-based Lubricants for Piston Ring–Cylinder Interaction?

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