How Long to Read U. S. Intelligence and the Confrontation in Poland, 1980-1981

How Long Does it Take to Read U. S. Intelligence and the Confrontation in Poland, 1980-1981?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 36 minutes to read U. S. Intelligence and the Confrontation in Poland, 1980-1981 by Douglas J. MacEachin

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Despite the U.S. government's sophisticated intelligence capabilities, policy makers repeatedly seemed to be caught off guard when major crises took place during the Cold War. Were these surprises the result of inadequate information, or rather the use made of the information available? In seeking an answer to this question, former CIA analyst Douglas MacEachin carefully examines the crisis in Poland during 1980-81 to determine what information the U.S. government had about Soviet preparations for military intervention and the Polish regime's plans for martial law, and what prevented that information from being effectively employed Drawing on his experience in intelligence reporting at the time, as well as on recently declassified U.S. documents and materials from Soviet, Polish, and other Eastern European archives, MacEachin contrasts what was known then with what is known now, and seeks to explain why, despite the evidence available to them, U.S. policy makers did not take the threat of a crackdown seriously enough to prevent it. It was the mind-set of those who processed the information, not the lack or accuracy of information, that was the fundamental problem, MacEachin argues. By highlighting this cognitive obstacle, his analysis points the way toward developing practices to overcome it in the future.

How long is U. S. Intelligence and the Confrontation in Poland, 1980-1981?

U. S. Intelligence and the Confrontation in Poland, 1980-1981 by Douglas J. MacEachin is 268 pages long, and a total of 69,144 words.

This makes it 90% the length of the average book. It also has 85% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read U. S. Intelligence and the Confrontation in Poland, 1980-1981 Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 6 hours and 17 minutes to read U. S. Intelligence and the Confrontation in Poland, 1980-1981 aloud.

What Reading Level is U. S. Intelligence and the Confrontation in Poland, 1980-1981?

U. S. Intelligence and the Confrontation in Poland, 1980-1981 is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy U. S. Intelligence and the Confrontation in Poland, 1980-1981?

U. S. Intelligence and the Confrontation in Poland, 1980-1981 by Douglas J. MacEachin is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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