How Long to Read Unions, Central Banks, and EMU

How Long Does it Take to Read Unions, Central Banks, and EMU?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 31 minutes to read Unions, Central Banks, and EMU by Bob Hancké

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This book examines the crisis of EMU through the lenses of comparative political economy. It retraces the development of wage-setting systems in the core and peripheral EMU member states, and how these contributed to the increasing divergence between creditor and debtor states in the late 2000s. Starting with the construction of the Deutschmark bloc, through the Maastricht process of the 1990s, and into the first decade of EMU, this book analyzes how labour unions and wage determination systems adjusted in response to monetary integration and, in turn, influenced the shape that monetary union would eventually take. Before the introduction of the Euro, labour unions were disciplined by central banks and governments, after social conflict in the north of the continent and with the use of social pacts in the others. Since controlling inflation had become the main goal of macro-economic policy, national central banks acted as a backstop to keep militant unions and profligate governments under control. Public sector wages thus were subordinated to manufacturing wages, a set-up policed by export sector unions, aided by the central bank. With the introduction of the single currency, the European Central Bank replaced the national central banks and, as a result, their capacity to control labour unions disappeared. The strong links between wages in the public sector unions and wages in the manufacturing export sector weakened dramatically in many countries, wage inflation re-emerged, and the stage was set for the current account divergences at the basis of the crisis of EMU.

How long is Unions, Central Banks, and EMU?

Unions, Central Banks, and EMU by Bob Hancké is 147 pages long, and a total of 37,779 words.

This makes it 50% the length of the average book. It also has 46% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Unions, Central Banks, and EMU Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 26 minutes to read Unions, Central Banks, and EMU aloud.

What Reading Level is Unions, Central Banks, and EMU?

Unions, Central Banks, and EMU is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Unions, Central Banks, and EMU?

Unions, Central Banks, and EMU by Bob Hancké is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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