How Long to Read Virtual Fundamental Cycles in Symplectic Topology

How Long Does it Take to Read Virtual Fundamental Cycles in Symplectic Topology?

It takes the average reader 5 hours to read Virtual Fundamental Cycles in Symplectic Topology by John W. Morgan

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The method of using the moduli space of pseudo-holomorphic curves on a symplectic manifold was introduced by Mikhail Gromov in 1985. From the appearance of Gromov's original paper until today this approach has been the most important tool in global symplectic geometry. To produce numerical invariants of these manifolds using this method requires constructing a fundamental cycle associated with moduli spaces. This volume brings together three approaches to constructing the “virtual” fundamental cycle for the moduli space of pseudo-holomorphic curves. All approaches are based on the idea of...

How long is Virtual Fundamental Cycles in Symplectic Topology?

Virtual Fundamental Cycles in Symplectic Topology by John W. Morgan is 300 pages long, and a total of 75,000 words.

This makes it 101% the length of the average book. It also has 92% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Virtual Fundamental Cycles in Symplectic Topology Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 6 hours and 49 minutes to read Virtual Fundamental Cycles in Symplectic Topology aloud.

What Reading Level is Virtual Fundamental Cycles in Symplectic Topology?

Virtual Fundamental Cycles in Symplectic Topology is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Virtual Fundamental Cycles in Symplectic Topology?

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